{"id":13287,"date":"2022-08-04T11:06:01","date_gmt":"2022-08-04T11:06:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/gardening\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\/"},"modified":"2022-08-04T11:06:01","modified_gmt":"2022-08-04T11:06:01","slug":"strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/gardening\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\/","title":{"rendered":"Strong red citrus cochineal (Aonidiella aurantii)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"penci-post-entry-inner\">\n<p>There <strong>red cochineal<\/strong> (<strong><em>Aonidiella aurantii<\/em><\/strong>) is an insect belonging to the order <em>Rhynchota<\/em>family <em>Diaspididae<\/em>subfamily <em>Aspidiotinae<\/em>.<span id=\"more-24060\"><\/span>  Together with <u>cotonello (<em>Planococcus citri<\/em>)<\/u> and to <u>cottony cochineal (<em>Iceryaparmisi<\/em>)<\/u>L&#8217;<em>Aonidiella aurantii<\/em> and the <u>species of cochineal<\/u> more harmful to citrus fruits, hence the vulgar name of <strong>strong red citrus cochineal<\/strong> (even if there are many tree species, both fruit and ornamental, which it infests).<br \/>This variety of cochineal is native to Southeast Asia, but today it is widespread in all citrus-growing areas of the planet, including Italy.  In our country it is present mainly in the major islands, that is Sicily and Sardinia, and in the southern regions.  In the north it can occasionally attack citrus plants grown in pots.<br \/>The control of this parasite is crucial to safeguard citrus production and also the health of the plants.<\/p>\n<p>So let&#8217;s see how to recognize its presence, the damage it causes to trees and the biological defense strategies.<\/p><div id=\"forum-3045751645\" class=\"forum-content-2 forum-entity-placement\">\t\t<div class=\"ad-wrapper\" style=\"width:100%;min-height:250px;text-align:center\">\r\n\t\t\t<!-- In Article Blog -->\r\n\t\t\t<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n\t\t\t\t style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3476569516614521\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-slot=\"9829044906\"><\/ins>\r\n\t\t\t<script>\r\n\t\t\t\t (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n\t\t\t<\/script>\r\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<p><span id=\"ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-692\"><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Descrizione_della_cocciniglia_rossa\">Description of the red cochineal<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"ezlazyload aligncenter size-full wp-image-24063\" alt=\"red cochineal\" width=\"780\" height=\"506\"   ezimgfmt=\"rs rscb3 src ng ngcb3 srcset\" src=\"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Strong-red-citrus-cochineal-Aonidiella-aurantii.jpg\"><br \/>There <em>Aonidiella aurantii<\/em> it comes in different forms.  The mature female is the most visible, about 2 mm in diameter, yellow in color, protected by a hazelnut-colored circular follicle with reddish central exuviae and by a complete and robust ventral veil.  The cephalothorax is well developed and during reproduction the body becomes reniform.<br \/>Then we have the male follicle, oval in shape, of the same color as the female, but smaller.<br \/>Finally, the winged male, of yellowish color and dimensions that do not exceed one mm in length.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Piante_attaccate\">Plants attacked<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"ezlazyload aligncenter size-full wp-image-24066\" alt=\"Leaves affected by red cochineal\" width=\"780\" height=\"588\"   ezimgfmt=\"rs rscb3 src ng ngcb3 srcset\" src=\"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1659611161_167_Strong-red-citrus-cochineal-Aonidiella-aurantii.jpg\"><br \/>The red cochineal mostly attacks citrus fruits, especially the <u>lemon plant<\/u> and, a little less, orange.  However, it is a very polyphagous parasite, with biotypes that, due to their specificity, live only on certain host plants.  This makes it difficult to identify the exact territorial distribution of this species of cochineal.<br \/>The other infested fruit trees are: <u>khaki<\/u>, <u>carob<\/u>, <u>quince<\/u>, <u>However<\/u>, <u>Apple tree<\/u>, <u>plum<\/u>, <u>Japanese medlar<\/u>, <u>FIG<\/u>, <u>jujube<\/u>, <u>wot<\/u> And <u>almond tree<\/u>.<br \/>On the other hand, among the crops of ornamental and forest interest we have: <u>acacia<\/u>, <u>laurel<\/u>boxwood, <u>camellia<\/u>, <u>cycas<\/u>, <u>ivy<\/u>, <u>jasmine<\/u>, <u>privet<\/u>, <u>pittospore<\/u>pink etc.<\/p><div id=\"forum-2088095585\" class=\"forum-content forum-entity-placement\">\t\t<div class=\"ad-wrapper\" style=\"width:100%;min-height:250px;text-align:center\">\r\n\t\t\t<!-- In Article Blog -->\r\n\t\t\t<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n\t\t\t\t style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3476569516614521\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-slot=\"9829044906\"><\/ins>\r\n\t\t\t<script>\r\n\t\t\t\t (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n\t\t\t<\/script>\r\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Danni_della_cocciniglia_rossa\">Damage of the red mealybug<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"ezlazyload aligncenter size-full wp-image-24067\" alt=\"red cochineal\" width=\"780\" height=\"537\"   ezimgfmt=\"rs rscb3 src ng ngcb3 srcset\" src=\"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1659611161_121_Strong-red-citrus-cochineal-Aonidiella-aurantii.jpg\"><br \/>The strong red cochineal of citrus fruits is able to infest not the fruits and the vegetal parts of the trees (leaves, bark of the branches and of the trunk).<br \/>On the fruits the damage is serious, as the whole peel is dotted with red parasites, then we have hardening and wilting of the fruit itself which in practice is no longer edible.<br \/>On the vegetation, the red cochineal causes yellowing, defoliation, cracking of the bark and, if the infestation is severe, the death of the plant.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ezoic-autoinsert-ad ezoic-under_first_paragraph\"><\/span><span style=\"clear:both;display:block\" id=\"ez-clearholder-medrectangle-3\"><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Ciclo_biologico_dellAonidiella_aurantii\">Biological cycle of Aonidiella aurantii<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There <em>Aonidiella aurantii<\/em> it winters on host plants with individuals in different evolutionary stages.  In the most favorable environmental conditions, such as those typical of the south and of the islands, it manages to complete 4 generations a year, often overlapping each other.<br \/>The first generation occurs from the beginning of May to the end of July-early August, the others follow one another until November, with the last one occurring from November to May of the following year.<br \/>Females lay on average 60-150 eggs, with the peculiarity of having already completed embryonic development.  For this reason the nymphs of the red cochineal hatch immediately.<\/p><div id=\"forum-175495475\" class=\"forum-content-3 forum-entity-placement\">\t\t<div class=\"ad-wrapper\" style=\"width:100%;min-height:250px;text-align:center\">\r\n\t\t\t<!-- In Article Blog -->\r\n\t\t\t<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n\t\t\t\t style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3476569516614521\"\r\n\t\t\t\t data-ad-slot=\"9829044906\"><\/ins>\r\n\t\t\t<script>\r\n\t\t\t\t (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n\t\t\t<\/script>\r\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Insetti_antagonisti_dellAonidiella_aurantii\">Antagonistic insects of Aonidiella aurantii<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"ezlazyload aligncenter size-full wp-image-24064\" alt=\"Aphytis melinus\" width=\"780\" height=\"480\"   ezimgfmt=\"rs rscb3 src ng ngcb3 srcset\" src=\"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1659611161_118_Strong-red-citrus-cochineal-Aonidiella-aurantii.jpg\"><br \/>The biological defense against the red cochineal is anything but simple, precisely because of these overlapping generations.  First, there is a need for monitoring in the orchard using the <u>pheromone traps<\/u>, which capture the males and, in fact, decrease the total population of the parasite.  Once the presence of the insect has been ascertained, excellent containment results are obtained by releasing <u>useful antagonist insects<\/u>in particular the <u>parasitoid Aphytis melinus<\/u>which lays its eggs inside the cochineal and then feeds on it at the moment of hatching.<br \/>This useful insect is found for sale in biofactories and is released into orchards in early spring and then settles permanently.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Eliminare_la_cocciniglia_rossa_in_modo_biologico\">Eliminate the red cochineal in a biological way<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Among all <u>treatments allowed in organic farming<\/u> the only admissible against the red cochineal <em>Aonidiella aurantii<\/em> is the white mineral oil, mixed with <u> natural pyrethrum<\/u>.  The best time to intervene is in winter, roughly in February, when there is little risk of causing damage to the antagonistic insects, which in the winter season are well protected in the body of the cochineal itself at the stage of larva or pupa.  In our opinion, however, if you have chosen the biological defense with the release of the parasitoid, it is better not to risk and avoid the treatment altogether.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There red cochineal (Aonidiella aurantii) is an insect belonging to the order Rhynchotafamily Diaspididaesubfamily Aspidiotinae. Together with cotonello (Planococcus citri) and to cottony cochineal (Iceryaparmisi)L&#8217;Aonidiella aurantii and the species of cochineal more harmful to citrus fruits, hence the vulgar name of strong red citrus cochineal (even if there are many tree species, both fruit and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13288,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[67,68],"class_list":["post-13287","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gardening","tag-gardening","tag-italian-garden","entry","has-media"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Strong red citrus cochineal (Aonidiella aurantii) - Sbenny\u2019s Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/gardening\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Strong red citrus cochineal (Aonidiella aurantii) - Sbenny\u2019s Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"There red cochineal (Aonidiella aurantii) is an insect belonging to the order Rhynchotafamily Diaspididaesubfamily Aspidiotinae. Together with cotonello (Planococcus citri) and to cottony cochineal (Iceryaparmisi)L&#8217;Aonidiella aurantii and the species of cochineal more harmful to citrus fruits, hence the vulgar name of strong red citrus cochineal (even if there are many tree species, both fruit and [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/gardening\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Sbenny\u2019s Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sbennymods\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-08-04T11:06:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/cocciniglia-rossa-aonidiella-aurantii-1-e1659272370521.jpg?v=1659611162\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"779\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Philip Owell\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Philip Owell\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/forum.sbenny.com\\\/blog\\\/gardening\\\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/forum.sbenny.com\\\/blog\\\/gardening\\\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Philip Owell\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/forum.sbenny.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a77e10c2915dc8fe75aab9f446e1f0dc\"},\"headline\":\"Strong red citrus cochineal (Aonidiella aurantii)\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-08-04T11:06:01+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/forum.sbenny.com\\\/blog\\\/gardening\\\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":767,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/forum.sbenny.com\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/forum.sbenny.com\\\/blog\\\/gardening\\\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/forum.sbenny.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/cocciniglia-rossa-aonidiella-aurantii-1-e1659272370521.jpg?v=1659611162\",\"keywords\":[\"gardening\",\"italian garden\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Gardening\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/forum.sbenny.com\\\/blog\\\/gardening\\\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/forum.sbenny.com\\\/blog\\\/gardening\\\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\\\/\",\"name\":\"Strong red citrus cochineal (Aonidiella aurantii) - 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Together with cotonello (Planococcus citri) and to cottony cochineal (Iceryaparmisi)L&#8217;Aonidiella aurantii and the species of cochineal more harmful to citrus fruits, hence the vulgar name of strong red citrus cochineal (even if there are many tree species, both fruit and [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/gardening\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\/","og_site_name":"Sbenny\u2019s Blog","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sbennymods\/","article_published_time":"2022-08-04T11:06:01+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":779,"url":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/cocciniglia-rossa-aonidiella-aurantii-1-e1659272370521.jpg?v=1659611162","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Philip Owell","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Philip Owell","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/gardening\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/gardening\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\/"},"author":{"name":"Philip Owell","@id":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/a77e10c2915dc8fe75aab9f446e1f0dc"},"headline":"Strong red citrus cochineal (Aonidiella aurantii)","datePublished":"2022-08-04T11:06:01+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/gardening\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\/"},"wordCount":767,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/gardening\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/cocciniglia-rossa-aonidiella-aurantii-1-e1659272370521.jpg?v=1659611162","keywords":["gardening","italian garden"],"articleSection":["Gardening"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/gardening\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\/","url":"https:\/\/forum.sbenny.com\/blog\/gardening\/strong-red-citrus-cochineal-aonidiella-aurantii\/","name":"Strong red citrus cochineal (Aonidiella aurantii) - 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